Refrigerating apparatus.



No; 803,189. PATENTED 00131. 1905.

0. o. PALMER. REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. P HH HI" No. 803,189. PATENTED OCT. 31, 1905. G. G. PALMER.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

' APPLICATION FILED mm 26, 1902.

'2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

OAssI'Us O. PALMER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T RAILWAY & sTA TIONARY REFRIGERATING OOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS-I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 31, 1905.

Application filed June 26,1902. Serial No. 113,193.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OAssIUs C. PALMER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, borough of Manhattan, county of New York, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the follow ing is a specification.

The object of my improvement is to increase the safety of refrigerating apparatus employing a compressed and expanded fluid.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 .is a diagrammatic elevation of an apparatus with certain elements thereof in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a feed-valve and adjacent parts.

In Fig. 1, A is the refrigerator; B, the condenser; C, the compressor; D, the pipe leading from the compressor to the condenser; E, the pipe leading from the condenser to the refrigerator; F, the pipe leading from the refrigerator to the compressor, and Gthe feed- I valve, all of said parts being constructed substantially as heretofore, and therefore requiring no detailed description. H is a by-pass around the feed-valve G. I is a blow-off valve which is the subject of my Patent No. 689,512, dated December 24, 1901, the combination of which with the parts above referred to constitutes my invention.

Referring now to Fig. 2, G is the ordinary conical feed-valve controlling the flow of the fluid from the condenser to the refrigerator, so as to maintain the proper pressures for compression in the condenser and expansion in the refrigerator of the refrigerating fluid Which is employed, such as clilorid of ethyl or.

ammonia. That portion of passage E leading from the condenser to the feed-valve is lettered e, and that portion thereof leading from the feed-valve to the refrigerator is lettered 0 and the partition between these passages, in which the feed-valve is seated, is lettered 0 The cylinder 1 and the passages 2 and 3 constitute a by-pass passage from the passage 6 to the passage 0 around the feed-valve G. In the cylinder 1 is placed a valve-seat i, carrying a valve-cage 5 for the valve 6, opening toward the passage 3. The valve 6 is provided with a valve-stem 7, having a suitable bearing 8 at the opposite end of the cage, and between this bearing and the valve is inter posed the coiled spring 9, tending to hold the valve against its seat 4:, When the valve 6 is opened, the fluid passes from the passage 2,

through the port 10, into the valve-cage, and thence out through lateral openings 11 into the space between the valve-cage and the cylinder 1, and thence into the passage 3. The cylinder 1 is provided with a removable head 12, by the removal of which the valve, its spring, stem, cage, and seat can all be removed from or inserted into the cylinder endwise. If desired, the valve-seat 4: or valve-disk, or both, may be made of fusible material, so that an excess of temperature will fuse the same and open the by-pass passage.

The tension-springQ can be regulated by the adjustment of its rear bearing 8 in the cage, said rearbearing being screw-threaded in the cage for that purpose. This adjustment is so regulated that the tension-spring will prevent the opening of the valve 6 under 'normal conditions of operation of the refrigerating apparatus. The tension, however, of the spring 9 is so regulated that if the pressure in the condenser and passage 0' become excessive such excessive pressure will force the valve 6 open in opposition to the spring 9 and permit the fluid to flow through the by pass passage from the passage 6' to the passage 6 around the feed-valve G. Such excessive pressure in the condenser and passage 0' may result from various causes, but principally from the clogging of the feed-valve G. By this by-pass passage with its valve under regulatable tension undue pressure will relieve it without injury to the apparatus and without loss of refrigerating fluid and without seriously impairing the continuity or the uniformity of the refrigerating operation. However, to guard against danger from such an excess of pressure as the valved by-pass passage already referred to might be unable to take care of I employ in combination therewith the blow-off valve I, described in my Patent No. 689,512, and so regulate the tension of the spring controlling said blow-ofl valve in excess of the tension of the spring 9, controlling -the valve 6 of said by-pass passage that the pressure will open said valve 6 in advance of said blow-off valve, and thus give the valve 6 a chance" to relieve the pressure before incurring the loss of refrigerating fluid and interruption of refrigerating process entailed by the opening of the blow-off valve. In practice the tension exerted by the spring 9 upon the by-pass valve 6 may be forty pounds and that exerted by the spring upon the blow off valve may be sixty pounds.

The blow-off valve may be described as follows: 13 is a case which surrounds the upper end of the valve and receives the escaping gas or fluid, as the case may be. To this 'caseis connected a pipe 14, through which the fluid escapes to any convenient point. This case surrounds the spring 15 and the valve proper,

16. The spring 15 is controlled in its pres sure by an adjustable bolt 17, which screws through the upper head of the case 13. The valve 16 seats upon a ring 18, which is either composed of some material which has a low fusing-point or is composed of a material having openings filled with plugs of low fusible metal. The construction indicated is that in which the entire ring is composed of low fusible material. The chamber 19 beneath the valve is connected, by means of the pipe 20, with the pipe D. The chamber 19 and'a portion of the pipe 20 are preferably filled with glycerin or other liquid which will act to form a more perfect seal for the valve. For

the purpose of filling the chamber 19 with glycerin I provide the pipes 21 and 22, connected, respectively, with the top and bottom thereof and having their ends connected with a glass gage 23, by means of which the level of the fluid may be observed. 24 is a fillingchamber provided with valves 25 and 26 at the top and bottom thereof.

Having thus fully described my invention, 1 claim as new and'desire to secure by Letters Patent In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, the compressor, the condenser, the refrigerator, connecting-pipes making a closed circuit through which the same refrigerating fluid passes over and over again, a feed-valve in the pipe between the condenser and refrigerator, .a by-pass passage around said feed valve, a valve in said by-pass passage, a blowoff valve in the pipe between the compressor and condenser and springs wherebysaid valves are yieldinglyheld closed; the blow-off valve spring being stronger than the by-pass valve spring whereby the normal pressure from the compressor will be primarily relieved through said by-pass passage.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CASSIUS C. PALMER.

Witnesses:

ADoLPH F oHs, CHAR ES -RATHJEN. 

